Egypt is probably the world's oldest civilization having emerged from the Nile. It is Situated in the Northeastern corner of Africa, bounded by the Mediterranean Sea from the North and the Red Sea from the East, with the Sinai Peninsula constituting a link to Southwest Asia, Egypt enjoys a unique, strategic location at the crossroads between Africa, the Middle East and Europe.
Throughout its history, Egypt has been a country where various cultures met. Egypt's The total area of Egypt is 1.2 million Km2 . The Nile divides the country into four broad regions; the Western Desert which occupies almost two-thirds of the total area, the Eastern Desert, the Sinai Peninsula, and the Nile Valley and Delta, which is the most densely populated region of the country. Cairo, the capital of Egypt, is the largest city in Africa, the Arab world and the Middle East.
In 642 AD, Egypt witnessed the beginning of its Arab and Islamic epoch. Successive Arab rulers governed Egypt as part of the Islamic empire, and at various junctures established it as the center of power of the empire. The city of Cairo were laid in 969 AD by the Fatimids, an early Islamic dynasty from North Africa. the Fatimids established the core of Cairo as it is today; their mosque and university of Al-Azhar is still Egypt's main centre of Islamic study.
